Lamia Remaud her paper presents a new system-based approach to designing and evaluating programmes in a way that fully embeds environment and biodiversity issues. It seeks to put nature back at the centre of development work in an effort to encourage stronger ambitions when it comes to mitigating or avoiding environmental degradations, biodiversity loss and climate change. This paper argues that the application of this approach in practice could better meet donor reporting and accountability commitments to citizens, intended beneficiaries and investors.